What is terrorism?
Terrorism, the systematic use of violence to create a general climate of fear in a population and thereby to bring about a particular political objective.
What is quasi-terrorism?
Quasi terrorism refers to a violent act that uses the same tactics of terrorism, though the perpetrator has different motives. For example, if a man holds a group of civilian hostages in his attempt to evade police, or to escape, he has used the same method as a terrorist group, but for a different goal.
Why do law enforcement agencies need definitions of terrorism?
Law enforcement agencies involved in counter-terrorism and intelligence (e.g. FBI, Special Branch of Scotland Yard, Australian Federal Police Counter-Terrorism) need definitions of terrorism as guidelines for their task and legal endorsement for duties which are close to (and sometimes over) the boundaries of civil liberty.
What are some examples of authoritarian states perverting the definition of terrorism?
There are many examples of perversion of definition by authoritarian states, such as the labelling of French and Greek Resistance fighters as “terrorists” by Nazi Germany and the March 2012 description of Syrian civilians as “terrorists” by Syrian President Bassar al Assad while they are being killed by Syrian Government agents (13). ).
Terrorism is the use of force or violence against persons or property in violation of the criminal laws of the United States for purposes of intimidation, coercion, or ransom.
What is the army manual definition of terrorism?
Army Manual definition terrorism is the “calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear. It is intended to coerce or intimidate governments or societies
What is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization definition of terrorism?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Definition of Terrorism. The unlawful use or threatened use of force or violence against individuals or property in an attempt to coerce or intimidate governments or societies to achieve political, religious or ideological objectives.
What are the 4 characteristics of terrorism?
Terrorism is often, though not always, defined in terms of four characteristics: (1) the threat or use of violence; (2) a political objective; the desire to change the status quo; (3) the intention to spread fear by committing spectacular public acts; (4) the intentional targeting of civilians.
What is the Federal Bureau of Investigation definition of terrorism?
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Definition of Terrorism. The unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.
What is the medical definition of coronitis?
Medical Definition of coronitis : inflammation of the coronary band of animals Learn More About coronitis Dictionary Entries Near coronitis
What is pre-Vention of terrorism?
Prevention of Terrorism (Temporary Provisions) Act 1989: “….the use of violence for political ends, and includes any use of violence for the purpose of putting the public or any section of the public in fear.” 8. That definition had major drawbacks.
When is an act of violence a terrorist?
For Jagger (2005), acts of violence can be rendered terrorist in the instances where personal prejudices about particular groups of individuals are used to fuel violence against those groups.
How serious is the threat of terrorism?
Years after these attacks, the threat landscape has expanded considerably, and international terrorism remains a serious threat. The threat of domestic terrorism also remains persistent overall, with actors crossing the line from exercising First Amendment-protected rights to committing crimes in furtherance of violent agendas.
What is a terrorist publication?
A terrorist publication is one which could be useful to a person in the commission or preparation of acts of terror, and the maximum sentence in respect of this offence is 15 years’ imprisonment.
Is there an operational typology of terrorism in Canada?
Utilizing more than 400 terrorist “situations” that occurred in Canada between 1973 and 2003, the authors developed an operational typology of terrorism (Leman- Langlois and Brodeur 2005).
What are some examples of international law dealing with terrorism?
Various examples are considered here by way of illustration, drawing from a number of different sources. The first example is General Assembly resolution 49/60, which seeks to criminalize a number of armed activities considered to be “terrorist” in nature:
What is the difference between old terrorism and new terrorism?
Laqueur compares old terrorism with new terrorism. Old terrorism is terrorism that strikes only selected targets. New terrorism is terrorism that is indiscriminate; it causes as many casu – alties as possible. Another major feature of new terrorism is the increasing readiness to use extreme indiscriminate violence.
What is the origin of the word terror?
The word terror is over 2,100 years old. In ancient Rome, the terror cimbricus was a state of panic and emer- gency in response to the coming of the Cimbri tribe killers in 105 BCE. This description of terrorism as being rooted in terror is an example of etymology.
What was the reign of Terror?
During the reign of terror a regime or system of terrorism was used as an instrument of governance, wielded by a recently established revolutionary state against the enemies of the people. Now the term “terrorism” is commonly used to describe terrorist acts committed by non-state or subnational entities against a state”.
What is the difference between terrorism and mala prohibita?
Terrorist acts are both mala prohibita acts and mala in se acts. Mala prohibita acts are “crimes that are made illegal by legislation”; mala in se acts are crimes “that are immoral or wrong in themselves.” 22. Terrorism is, first and foremost, a method, and it is used in times of peace and conflict.
What is the meaning of the title meneseteung?
The meaning of the title “Meneseteung” is not certain: it is the name of the river that Champlain is credited with exploring, and it is also associated with the onset of the menses (menstrual flow) mentioned in section V. The story, like many of Munro’s works, was based on her love of the history of rural Ontario, Canada, where she grew up.
How does DHS define domestic terrorism?
In using the term Domestic Terrorism, DHS looks to the Homeland Security Act definition of terrorism, 6 U.S.C. 101(18), which is substantially similar but not identical to the title 18 definition. That provision defines terrorism as any activity that: Involves an act that:
What is domestic terrorism and why is it important?
Domestic terrorism: Perpetrated by individuals and/or groups inspired by or associated with primarily U.S.-based movements that espouse extremist ideologies of a political, religious, social, racial, or environmental nature.
When is an act of violence terrorism?
It down-plays political justification and lists acts of violence as terrorism if they are “resulting or likely to result in major economic loss, when the purpose of the conduct, by its nature or context, is to intimidate a population, or to compel a Government or an international organisation to do or abstain from doing any act.”
What is the National Center for terrorist crimes?
“NCTC uses the definition of terrorism found in Title 22, which provides that terrorism is “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents.” 4
What are the regional organizations doing to combat terrorism?
In addition to States, many regional organizations have counter-terrorism instruments (see Module 5 ), which contain their own definitions of terrorism that reflect regional priorities.
Who are the perpetrators of terrorism?
The perpetrators of acts of terrorism can be individuals, groups, or states. According to some definitions, clandestine or semi-clandestine state actors may carry out terrorist acts outside the framework of a state of war. the most common image of terrorism is that it is carried out by small and secretive cells,…
What does La terroriste mean?
La Terroriste, a 1910 poster depicting a female member of the Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party throwing a bomb at a Russian official’s car. Mass media exposure may be a primary goal of those carrying out terrorism, to expose issues that would otherwise be ignored by the media.
What is terrorism according to Jeff Bale?
Jeffrey M. Bale. “Terrorism is the use or threatened use of violence, directed against victims selected for their symbolic or representative value, as a means of instilling anxiety in, transmitting one or more messages to, and thereby manipulating the attitudes and behavior of a wider target audience or audiences.”.
What does yimakh shemo mean in Hebrew?
The Hebrew phrase yimakh shemo יִמַּח שְׁמוֹ (“May his name be erased”) is a curse placed after the name of particular enemies of the Jewish people. A variant is yimakh shemo ve zikhro יִמַּח שְׁמוֹ וְזִכְרוֹ (“May his name and his memory be erased”). Yimakh shemo is one of the strongest curses in the Hebrew language.
Where did the term yemach Shemo vzichro come from?
The term Yemach shemo vzichro (which I heard regularly in my home in the context of Adolf and his Hitlerian hordes) was originally associated with the ultimate enemy, Amalek… ^ Wex, Michael (2006). Born to Kvetch: Yiddish Language and Culture in All of Its Moods. Harper Collins. ISBN 9780061132179.
What is an example of a ghazal?
American poets, including John Hollander, Maxine Kumin, Heather McHugh, and W. S. Merwin, wrote the majority of the poems. McHugh’s “Ghazal of the Better-Unbegun” is a good example of the form, as it respects the autonomy of the couplets, the length of lines, as well as the rhyme-refrain scheme established in the opening couplet.
What does the US law say about terrorism?
The law itself bans anything that is deemed to be or incite secession, subversion, terrorism and collusion with foreign forces. — Rebecca Davis, Variety, 27 Oct. 2021 There is agreement in place with the Taliban on terrorism and counterterrorism.
What is a palea?
Definition of palea 1 : one of the chaffy scales on the receptacle of many composite plants 2 : the upper bract that with the lemma encloses the flower in grasses
What is coupledom?
(ˈkʌpəldəm) n the state of living as a couple, esp when regarded as being interested in each other to the exclusion of the outside world Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014 Translations coupledom
How has the threat of terrorism changed over time?
Many factors have contributed to the evolution of the terrorism threat on both the international and domestic fronts, such as: Lone offenders : Terrorist threats have evolved from large-group conspiracies toward lone-offender attacks. These individuals often radicalize online and mobilize to violence quickly.
What is a hybrid approach to counter terrorism?
A hybrid approach is adopted by the Shanghai Convention on Combatting Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism (adopted 15 June 2001, entered into effect 29 March 2003). Article 1 (a) cross refers to existing anti-sectoral treaties.
What does it mean to canoodle?
The guess seems reasonable given that, since its appearance in the language around the mid-19th century, canoodle has been most often used jocularly for playful public displays of affection by couples who are head over heels in love. Two lovers were canoodling on a park bench.
What is the definition of domestic terrorism under the Patriot Act?
U.S. PATRIOT ACT. SEC. 802. DEFINITION OF DOMESTIC TERRORISM. DOMESTIC TERRORISM DEFINED.—Section 2331 of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (1)(B)(iii), by striking ‘‘by assassination or kidnapping’’ and inserting ‘‘by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping’’; (2) in paragraph (3),…
Is terrorism a new phenomenon in history?
Terrorism is not a new phenomenon in human experience. Violence has been used throughout human history by those who chose to oppose states, kings, and princes. This sort of violence can be differentiated from what is termed as terrorism. Violence in opposition to a government is often targeted against soldiers and those who govern.
What is a Cavaedium in architecture?
Cavaedium, in architecture, is the Latin name for the central hall or court within a Roman house, of which five species are described by Vitruvius.
Why is the definition of terrorism so ambiguous?
For example, Grob-Fitzgibbon (2005) argues that the term remains ambiguous as a result of governments and scholars seeking to define the term too broadly so as to classify any form of unconventional violence as terrorism.
What are the components of terrorism?
Most of the formal definitions of terrorism have some common characteristics: a fundamental motive to make political/societal changes; the use of violence or illegal force; attacks on civilian targets by ‘nonstate’/’Subnational actors’; and the goal of affecting society. This finding is reflected in Blee’s listing of three components of terrorism:
When did terrorism become the Order of the day?
September 1793 that “terror is the order of the day.” Maximilien Robespierre, a frontrunner in the French Revolution, declared in 1794 that “terror is nothing other than justice, prompt, severe, inflexible.” The very first official definition of terrorism in French was provided several years later.
What is terrorism according to Walid Muallem?
After the United States attack on Abu Kamal, the Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Muallem defined terrorism as “Killing civilians in international law means a terrorist aggression.”
What is the difference between a guerrilla and a terrorist?
The guerrilla fighter’s targets are military ones, while the terrorist deliberately targets civilians.” Id. CASE W. RES. J. INT’L L. Introduction “Terrorism” may well be the most important word in the political vocabulary these days. Hundreds of billions of dollars are spent worldwide
What are examples of Acts of terrorism?
Acts of terrorism include threats of terrorism; assassinations; kidnappings; hijack-ings; bomb scares and bombings; cyber attacks (computer-based); and the use of chemical, biological, nuclear and radiological weapons.
What is the definition of a balloonist?
Define balloonist. balloonist synonyms, balloonist pronunciation, balloonist translation, English dictionary definition of balloonist. n. 1. a. A flexible bag designed to be inflated with hot air or with a gas, such as helium, that is lighter than the surrounding air, causing it to rise and…
What is the National Counterterrorism Center definition of terrorism?
National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) Definition of Terrorism. “NCTC uses the definition of terrorism found in Title 22, which provides that terrorism is “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents.”.
What is the meaning of Shudra?
Shudra means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page.
What is śūdra (शूद्र)?
Śūdra (शूद्र).—The Śūdras should always be represented by a deep blue ( śyāma) color when painting the limbs ( aṅgaracanā ), according to Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 23. The painting is a component of nepathya (costumes and make-up) and is to be done in accordance with the science of āhāryābhinaya (extraneous representation).
Can a terrorist organization be a movement of National Liberation?
A terrorist organization can also be a movement of national liberation, and the concepts of “terrorist” and “freedom fighter” are not mutually contradictory. Targeting “the innocent”? Not only terrorists and their allies use the definition of terrorism to promote their own goals and needs.
Is an objective definition of terrorism a feasible goal?
It is the aim of this paper, however, to demonstrate that an objective, internationally accepted definition of terrorism is a feasible goal, and that an effective struggle against terrorism requires such a definition. The sooner the nations of the world come to this realization, the better.
Is the concept of Terror a new one?
As was discussed in Module 1, the concept of “terror” is not a new one, having existed in different forms for centuries. The reasons for this are many. There are a number of possible explanations for this, some of which are explored below in relation to ongoing efforts to agree on a Comprehensive Convention.
Does the Comprehensive Convention on international terrorism need a political purpose?
Notably, as will be seen, the General Assembly Declaration on measures to eliminate international terrorism (resolution 49/60) requires a political purpose, but the draft Comprehensive Convention does not.
What is the difference between guerrilla warfare and terrorism?
He defines “guerrilla warfare” as “the deliberate use of violence against military and security personnel in order to attain political, ideological and religious goals.” He defines “Terrorism” as “the deliberate use of violence against civilians in order to attain political, ideological and religious aims.”